Urinary Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1)
Hydroxylated 4-hydroxy metabolite of aflatoxin B1 excreted in urine and milk following hepatic CYP1A2 bioactivation.
Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangesug/g Cr
Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.
Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.
<0.05 ug/g Cr
General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.
<0.01 ug/g Cr (undetectable)
Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.
Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose
Aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide forms covalent trans-8,9-dihydro-8-(N7-guanyl)-9-hydroxyaflatoxin B1 adducts, inducing GC to TA transversions at codon 249 of the p53 tumor suppressor.
Differential Diagnosis
Elevated Levels (AFM1 High)
- •Consumption of contaminated peanuts, corn, tree nuts, or dairy from livestock fed contaminated grain
Low Levels (AFM1 Low)
- •Strict avoidance of contaminated food products
- •Intact glutathione S-transferase detox
Technical Reference & Deep Dive
Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup
Pre-Analytical Considerations:
Specimen collection should follow standardized phlebotomy protocols. Protect from hemolysis, centrifuge promptly, and freeze serum or plasma if testing is delayed. Patient should be in a resting, fasting state where indicated.
Reflexive Testing Protocol:
- Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker quantification for AFM1
- Targeted organ system imaging or functional dynamic testing related to aspergillus hepatocarcinogen metabolite
- Comprehensive baseline metabolic, renal, and inflammatory assessment (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
- [1]Clinical Reference and Molecular Physiology of Urinary Aflatoxin M1 - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 34190124
- [2]AFM1 Dynamics in Human Longevity and Precision Medicine - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35422901
Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators
Medicine 3.0Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Urinary Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) into overall healthspan optimization.