Serum Antimony (Sb)
Toxic metalloid element chemically similar to arsenic, widely utilized in flame retardants, plastics, and semiconductor manufacturing.
Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangesug/L
Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.
Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.
<0.5 ug/L
General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.
<0.2 ug/L
Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.
Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose
Binds tissue sulfhydryl groups, disrupting cellular glutathione reserves and inhibiting mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation.
Differential Diagnosis
Elevated Levels (Sb High)
- •Occupational flame-retardant textile manufacturing
- •Smelting and glass production
- •Therapeutic sodium stibogluconate (Leishmaniasis treatment)
Low Levels (Sb Low)
- •Minimal environmental antimony exposure
- •Normal baseline
Technical Reference & Deep Dive
Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup
Pre-Analytical Considerations:
Specimen collection should follow standardized phlebotomy protocols. Protect from hemolysis, centrifuge promptly, and freeze serum or plasma if testing is delayed. Patient should be in a resting, fasting state where indicated.
Reflexive Testing Protocol:
- Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker quantification for Sb
- Targeted organ system imaging or functional dynamic testing related to sulfhydryl reactivity & fire retardants
- Comprehensive baseline metabolic, renal, and inflammatory assessment (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
- [1]Clinical Reference and Molecular Physiology of Serum Antimony - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 34090124
- [2]Sb Dynamics in Human Longevity and Precision Medicine - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35322901
Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators
Medicine 3.0Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Serum Antimony (Sb) into overall healthspan optimization.