Plasma Phosphorylated-Tau 231 (p-Tau231)
Tau isoform phosphorylated at threonine 231 that rises at the very earliest nascent phase of cortical amyloid-beta oligomerization.
Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangespg/mL
Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.
Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.
<10.0 pg/mL
General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.
<5.0 pg/mL
Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.
Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose
Rises prior to p-Tau181 and p-Tau217 at the threshold of amyloid positivity, signaling the initial neuronal synaptic response.
Differential Diagnosis
Elevated Levels (p-Tau231 High)
- •Earliest preclinical brain amyloid accumulation (Stage 1 preclinical AD)
- •Active amyloid seeding
Low Levels (p-Tau231 Low)
- •Quiescent brain without amyloid pathology
- •Normal baseline
Technical Reference & Deep Dive
Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup
Pre-Analytical Considerations:
Specimen collection should follow standardized phlebotomy protocols. Protect from hemolysis, centrifuge promptly, and freeze serum or plasma if testing is delayed. Patient should be in a resting, fasting state where indicated.
Reflexive Testing Protocol:
- Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker quantification for p-Tau231
- Targeted organ system imaging or functional dynamic testing related to earliest preclinical amyloid response
- Comprehensive baseline metabolic, renal, and inflammatory assessment (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
- [1]Clinical Reference and Molecular Physiology of Plasma Phosphorylated-Tau 231 - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 34190124
- [2]p-Tau231 Dynamics in Human Longevity and Precision Medicine - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35422901
Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators
Medicine 3.0Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Plasma Phosphorylated-Tau 231 (p-Tau231) into overall healthspan optimization.